Once you have completed your research work now the step is to publish the work. To publish your research work in a journal you have to present your overall work in a particular format. Generally a research paper contains Title page, Abstract and Keywords, Introduction, Materials and methods, Results and Discussion, Conclusions, Acknowledgements, and References. A general format of a research article is shown in Figure 1.
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| Figure 1. A general format of a research paper |
Now question is which section of a research paper we should write first and which one at last. Figure 2 represents an order of writing different section of any research paper, which I prefer.
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| Figure 2. Order of writing different section of a research paper. |
Title page
Title page
of a research paper contains Title of the article, Authors Name, Affiliations of the authors and Information about
corresponding author.
Title of the Article
Title of any article is one which will
attract the reader to read your article. Title of the article will be based on output
of your research work. The title should be informative and specific so that it
can be easily understandable to the reader. Title must carry keywords relevant
to your research work. Title as a phrase is more preferable. I have presented a
sample of a research paper in Figure 3 where you can see the title of the
paper.
Author Names
You have to write full name of the
authors. Avoid salutations such as Mr., Mrs., Ms., Dr., Shri, Prof, etc. According
to the contribution of authors in the research work the authors name will be
arranged either in 1st, 2nd or 3rd position. The
first author has largest contribution in the work.
Information about corresponding author
Among all the authors one author will
be corresponding author. Corresponding author is one who will communicate the
research article with the journal publisher and he will take primary responsibilities
regarding publication process of the article. Generally a corresponding author
is a senior researcher or group leader of a research group. E-mail address of
corresponding author must be provided in the footnote of the title page of an
article. If the corresponding author have FAX number that can also be given. Some
journals also ask for phone number of the corresponding author. The
corresponding author should be marked by some special symbol in superscript
form. In Figure 3 you can see the corresponding author is marked by symbol*.
Affiliation
Next part
of title page is affiliation. The authors are associated with some institution.
The address of the institution has to be provided here. If all the authors are
working in same institute in that case there will be one affiliation. If
authors are of different institutions then for each author the affiliation will
be different. In Figure 3 you can see both the authors are working in same
organization. For this reason one affiliation is given. Whereas, in Figure 4
you can see two different affiliations for two authors because the two authors
are from two different institutions. The two different affiliations are
indicated by a and b in superscript format. In this way you can represent the
authors’ affiliations.
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| Figure
3. A sample of a research paper showing title of the article, author names,
affiliation of authors and corresponding author.
Figure 4. A sample of a research paper showing two different affiliations of two authors. |
The snapshots are taken from the following articles
1. De A, Boxi SS. Application of Cu impregnated TiO2 as heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the production of biodiesel from palm oil. Fuel 2020; 265: 117019 (6pp).
2. Baskan MB, Pala A. A statistical experiment design approach for arsenic removal by coagulation process using aluminum sulfate. Desalination 2010; 254: 42 –48.
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