Friday, December 11, 2020

GATE Chemical Engineering Questions and Answers-Thermodynamics

A saturated liquid at 1500 kPa and 500 K, with an enthalpy of 750 kJ/kg, is throttled to a liquid-vapour mixture at 150 kPa and 300 K. At the exit conditions, the enthalpy of the saturated liquid is 500 kJ/kg and the enthalpy of the saturated vapour is 2500 kJ/kg. The percentage of the original liquid, which vaporizes, is

(A)             87.5%

(B)              67%

(C)              12.5%

(D)             10%

                                                                                                      GATE 2010

    Answer:    (C)

 

A new linear temperature scale, denoted by S, has been developed, where the freezing point of water is 200S and the boiling point is 400S. On this scale, 500S corresponds, in degrees Celsius, to

(A)             100C

(B)              125C

(C)              150C

(D)             300C

                                                                                                      GATE 2010

Answer:          (C)

 

One mole of methane is contained in a leak proof piston-cylinder assembly at 8 bar and 1000 K. the gas undergoes isothermal expansion to 4 bar under reversible conditions. Methane can be considered as an ideal gas under these conditions. The value of universal gas constant is 8.314 J mol-1 K-1. The heat transferred (in kJ) during the process is

(A)             11.52

(B)              5.76

(C)              4.15

(D)             2.38

                                                                                                         GATE 2011

        Answer:    (B)

 

In a parallel flow heat exchanger operating under steady state, hot liquid enters at a temperature Th,in and leaves at a temperature Th,out. Cold liquid enters at a temperature Tc,in and leaves at a temperature Tc,out. Neglect any heat loss from the heat exchanger to the surrounding. If Th,in>>Tc,in, then for a given time interval, which one of the following statements is true?

(A)             Entropy gained by cold stream is greater than entropy lost by hot stream

(B)              Entropy gained by cold stream is equal than entropy lost by hot stream

(C)              Entropy by cold stream is less than entropy lost by hot stream

(D)             Entropy gained by cold stream is zero

                                                                                                      GATE 2012

 

    Answer:    (A)

 

An insulated, evacuated container is connected to a supply line of an ideal gas at pressure Ps, temperature Ts, and specific volume Vs. The container is filled with the gas until the pressure in the container reaches Ps. There is no heat transfer between the supply line to the container, and kinetic and potential energies are negligible. If Cp and Cv are the heat capacities at constant pressure and constant volume, respectively (γ = Cp/Cv), then the final temperature of the gas in the container is

(A)             γTs

(B)              Ts

(C)              (γ-1)Ts

(D)             (γ-1)Ts

                                                                                                      GATE 2012

Answer:          (A)

 

In a throttling process, the pressure of an ideal gas reduces by 50%. If cp and Cv are the heat capacities at constant pressure and constant volume, respectively (γ = Cp/Cv), the specific volume will change by a factor of

(A)             2

(B)              21/γ

(C)              2γ-1/γ

(D)             0.5

                                                                                                      GATE 2012

 

    Answer:    (A)

 

The thermodynamic state of a closed system containing a pure fluid changes from (T1, p1) to (T2, p2), where T and P denote the temperature and pressure, respectively. Let, Q denote the heat absorbed (> 0 if absorbed by the system) and W the work done (> 0 if done by the system). Neglect changes in kinetic and potential energies. Which one of the following is correct?

(A)             Q is path-independent and W is path-dependent

(B)              Q is path-dependent and W is path-independent

(C)              (Q - W) is path-independent

(D)             (Q + W) is path-independent

                                                                                                     GATE 2013

Answer:          (C)

 

In a closed system, the isentropic expansion of an ideal gas with constant specific heats is represented by

GATE 2014


                                                                                                                  GATE 2014

 

            Answer:          (D)

 

An ideal gas is initially at a pressure of 0.1 MPa and a total volume of 2 m3. It is first compressed to 1 MPa by a reversible adiabatic process and then cooled at constant pressure to final volume of 0.2 m3. The total work done (in kJ) on the gas for the entire process (upto one decimal place) is _________.

Data: R = 8.314 J/mol.K; heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp) = 2.5R

                                                                                                                  GATE 2015

Answer:          393.22

 

An ideal gas is adiabatically and irreversibly compressed from 3 bar and 300 K to 6 bar in a closed system. The work required for the irreversible compression is 1.5 times the work that is required for reversible compression from the same initial temperature and pressure to the same final pressure. The molar heat capacity of the gas at constant volume is 30 J mol‒1 K‒1 (assumed to be independent of temperature); universal gas constant, R is 8.314 J mol‒1 K‒1; ratio of molar heat capacities is 1.277. The temperature (in K, rounded off to the first decimal place) of the gas at the final state in the irreversible compression case is _______.

                                                                                                                        GATE 2016

               Answer:          373

 

A gas obeying the Clausius equation of state is isothermally compressed from 5 MPa to 15 MPa in a closed system at 400 K. The Clausius equation of state is P = RT/[v-b(T)] where P is the pressure, T is the temperature, v is the molar volume and R is the universal gas constant. The parameter b in the above equation varies with temperature as b(T) = b0+b1T with b0 = 4×10-5 m3mol-1 and b1 = 1.35×10-7 m3mol-1K-1. The effect of pressure on the molar enthalpy (h) at a constant temperature is given by (∂h/∂P)T = v – T(∂v/∂T)P. Let hi and hf denote the initial and final molar enthalpies, respectively. The change in the molar enthalpy hf – hi (in J mol-1, rounded off to the first decimal place) for this process is ____________.

                                                                                                                        GATE 2016

                Answer:          400

 

A binary system at a constant pressure with species ‘1’ and ‘2’ is described by the two-suffix Margules equation, gE/RT = 3x1x2, where gE is the molar Gibbs free energy, R is the universal gas constant, T is the temperature and x1, x2 are the mole fractions of species 1 and 2, respectively. At a temperature T, g1/RT = 1 and g2/RT = 2, where g1 and g2 are the molar Gibbs free energies of pure species 1 and 2, respectively. At the same temperature, g represents the molar Gibbs free energy of the mixture. For a binary mixture with 40 mole% of species 1, the value (rounded off to the second decimal place) of g/RT is ________.

                                                                                                                        GATE 2016

                Answer:          1.65

 

An ideal gas is adiabatically and irreversibly compressed from 3 bar and 300 K to 6 bar in a closed system. The work required for the irreversible compression is 1.5 times the work that is required for reversible compression from the same initial temperature and pressure to the same final pressure. The molar heat capacity of the gas at constant volume is 30 J mol‒1 K‒1 (assumed to be independent of temperature); universal gas constant, R is 8.314 J mol‒1 K‒1; ratio of molar heat capacities is 1.277. The temperature (in K, rounded off to the first decimal place) of the gas at the final state in the irreversible compression case is _______.

                                                                                                                        GATE 2016

    Answer:          373


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